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There are no medical tests for diagnosing autism. An accurate diagnosis must be based on observation of the individual's communication, behaviour, and developmental levels. Because many of the behaviours associated with autism are shared by other disorders, various medical tests may be ordered to rule out or identify other possible causes of the symptoms.

The characteristics of a disorder vary so much, that a child should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team which may include a neurologist, psychologist, developmental pediatrician, speech/language therapist, learning consultant, or another professionals knowledgeable about autism. Diagnosis is difficult for a practitioner with limited training or exposure to autism. And is sometimes misdiagnosed by well-meaning professionals. Difficulties in the recognition and acknowledgment of autism often lead to a lack of services to meet the complex needs of individuals with autism.

There is no 'template' for a quick diagnosis. To obtain a true picture of an individual's abilities and behaviours parental (and other caregivers') input and developmental history are very important. Some persons with autism may appear to have mental retardation, a behaviour disorder, problems with hearing, or even odd and eccentric behaviour. While these conditions can co-occur with autism, it is important to distinguish autism from other conditions. An accurate diagnosis and early identification can provide the basis for building an appropriate and effective educational and treatment program.

Unfortunately, some professionals who are not knowledgeable about the needs and opportunities for early intervention in autism do not offer an autism diagnosis even if it is appropriate. Their hesitation can lead to failure to obtain appropriate services for the child.